Domestic transport accounts for 31% of all greenhouse gas emissions in Scotland, making it the largest emitting sector. Vehicles are becoming cleaner, with lower carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions per mile than in the past.
Compared with other sources of pollution, transport emissions are particularly harmful because they release nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and particulate matter (especially PM10 and PM2.5) into the air. Air pollution in the UK is linked to around 40,000 deaths each year (Royal College of Physicians, 2016).